#AT1987. G - Digits on Grid

G - Digits on Grid

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G - Digits on Grid

Score : $600$ points

Problem Statement

There is a grid with $H$ horizontal rows and $W$ vertical columns, where each square contains a digit between $1$ and $9$. For each pair of integers $(i, j)$ such that $1 \leq i \leq H$ and $1 \leq j \leq W$, the digit written on the square at the $i$-th row from the top and $j$-th column from the left is $c_{i, j}$.

Using this grid, Takahashi and Aoki will play together. First, Takahashi chooses a square and puts a piece on it. Then, the two will repeat the following procedures, 1. through 4., $N$ times.

  1. Takahashi does one of the following two actions.
    • Move the piece to another square that shares a row with the square the piece is on.
    • Do nothing.
  2. Takahashi writes on a blackboard the digit written on the square the piece is on.
  3. Aoki does one of the following two actions.
    • Move the piece to another square that shares a column with the square the piece is on.
    • Do nothing.
  4. Aoki writes on the blackboard the digit written on the square the piece is on.

After that, there will be $2N$ digits written on the blackboard. Let $d_1, d_2, \ldots, d_{2N}$ be those digits, in the order they are written. The two boys will concatenate the $2N$ digits in this order to make a $2N$-digit integer $X := d_1d_2\ldots d_{2N}$.

Find the number, modulo $998244353$, of different integers that $X$ can become.

Constraints

  • $2 \leq H, W \leq 10$
  • $1 \leq N \leq 300$
  • $1 \leq c_{i, j} \leq 9$
  • All values in input are integers.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

HH WW NN

c1,1c_{1, 1}c1,2c_{1, 2}\cdotsc1,Wc_{1, W}

c2,1c_{2, 1}c2,2c_{2, 2}\cdotsc2,Wc_{2, W}

\vdots

cH,1c_{H, 1}cH,2c_{H, 2}\cdotscH,Wc_{H, W}

Output

Print the number, modulo $998244353$, of different integers that $X$ can become.


2 2 1
31
41
5

Below is one possible scenario.

  • First, Takahashi puts the piece on $(1, 2)$.
  • Takahashi moves the piece from $(1, 2)$ to $(1, 1)$, and then writes the digit $3$ written on $(1, 1)$.
  • Aoki moves the piece from $(1, 1)$ to $(2, 1)$, and then writes the digit $4$ written on $(2, 1)$.

In this case, we have $X = 34$.
Below is another possible scenario.

  • First, Takahashi puts the piece on $(2, 2)$.
  • Takahashi keeps the piece on $(2, 2)$, and then writes the digit $1$ written on $(2, 2)$.
  • Aoki moves the piece from $(2, 2)$ to $(1, 2)$, and then writes the digit $1$ written on $(1, 2)$.

In this case, we have $X = 11$. Other than these, $X$ can also become $33$, $44$, or $43$, but nothing else.
That is, there are five integers that $X$ can become, so we print $5$.


2 3 4
777
777
1

$X$ can only become $77777777$.


10 10 300
3181534389
4347471911
4997373645
5984584273
1917179465
3644463294
1234548423
6826453721
5892467783
1211598363
685516949

Be sure to find the count modulo $998244353$.